See sonde in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
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"lang_code": "en",
"word": "saind"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"dialectal; influenced by the verb send"
],
"word": "send"
},
{
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"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "send"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"raw_tags": [
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],
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}
],
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"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
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},
{
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"name": "glossary"
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{
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"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English sand",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English sand",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
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},
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*sandō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sandō",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English sand, sond, from Proto-West Germanic *sandu, from Proto-Germanic *sandō.\nThe final vowel is generalised from the Old English oblique forms.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sondes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sonden",
"tags": [
"error-unknown-tag",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sond",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "soonde",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "saand",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Northern",
"especially"
]
},
{
"form": "sand",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Northern",
"especially"
]
},
{
"form": "sande",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Northern",
"especially"
]
},
{
"form": "saande",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "saynd",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "send",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sound",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Southern"
]
},
{
"form": "sunde",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Southern"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "noun",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "sonde",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"pl2": "sonden",
"pl2_qual": "early"
},
"expansion": "sonde (plural sondes or (early) sonden)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "18 19 13 12 4 15 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 38 23 0 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Communication",
"orig": "enm:Communication",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 15 4 16 17 15 19",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Meals",
"orig": "enm:Meals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A message; information communicated or conveyed:",
"An invitation, order, or a message containing one."
],
"id": "en-sonde-enm-noun-5QuRiw~x",
"links": [
[
"message",
"message"
],
[
"information",
"information"
],
[
"communicate",
"communicate"
],
[
"convey",
"convey"
],
[
"invitation",
"invitation"
],
[
"order",
"order"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Religion",
"orig": "enm:Religion",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "18 19 13 12 4 15 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 38 23 0 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Communication",
"orig": "enm:Communication",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 15 4 16 17 15 19",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Meals",
"orig": "enm:Meals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A message; information communicated or conveyed:",
"A divine ordinance or commandment."
],
"id": "en-sonde-enm-noun-iFtJ3qD~",
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[
"message",
"message"
],
[
"information",
"information"
],
[
"communicate",
"communicate"
],
[
"convey",
"convey"
],
[
"religion",
"religion"
],
[
"divine",
"divine"
],
[
"ordinance",
"ordinance"
],
[
"commandment",
"commandment"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A message; information communicated or conveyed:",
"(religion) A divine ordinance or commandment."
],
"topics": [
"lifestyle",
"religion"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "18 19 13 12 4 15 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 38 23 0 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Communication",
"orig": "enm:Communication",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A messenger or envoy; one transmitting a message."
],
"id": "en-sonde-enm-noun-m7c4TWK4",
"links": [
[
"messenger",
"messenger"
],
[
"envoy",
"envoy"
],
[
"transmit",
"transmit"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "18 19 13 12 4 15 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 15 4 16 17 15 19",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Meals",
"orig": "enm:Meals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A mission or deputation; a group of messengers."
],
"id": "en-sonde-enm-noun-5vjFs-Rz",
"links": [
[
"mission",
"mission"
],
[
"deputation",
"deputation"
],
[
"messenger",
"messenger"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 15 4 16 17 15 19",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Meals",
"orig": "enm:Meals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A helping or serving of food."
],
"id": "en-sonde-enm-noun-f5-0TmNq",
"links": [
[
"helping",
"helping"
],
[
"serving",
"serving"
],
[
"food",
"food"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Religion",
"orig": "enm:Religion",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "18 19 13 12 4 15 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 15 4 16 17 15 19",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Meals",
"orig": "enm:Meals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A divinely-bestowed favour or present."
],
"id": "en-sonde-enm-noun-9j1Dfqr5",
"links": [
[
"religion",
"religion"
],
[
"divine",
"divine"
],
[
"favour",
"favour"
],
[
"present",
"present"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(religion) A divinely-bestowed favour or present."
],
"topics": [
"lifestyle",
"religion"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɔ̝ːnd(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɔnd(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsand(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsaːnd(ə)/",
"tags": [
"Northern",
"especially"
]
}
],
"word": "sonde"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "sonde",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "sond"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "18 19 13 12 4 15 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 15 4 16 17 15 19",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Meals",
"orig": "enm:Meals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 16 8 13 14 14 20",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Occupations",
"orig": "enm:Occupations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of sond"
],
"id": "en-sonde-enm-noun-QhFiuvZ~",
"links": [
[
"sond",
"sond#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "sonde"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English weak nouns",
"Pages with 16 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Communication",
"enm:Meals",
"enm:Occupations"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "saind"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"dialectal; influenced by the verb send"
],
"word": "send"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "send"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"raw_tags": [
"influenced by the verb send"
],
"word": "send"
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
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"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
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},
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"3": "sand",
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"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English sand",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English sand",
"name": "inh+"
},
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"2": "gmw-pro",
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},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *sandu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
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"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*sandō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sandō",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English sand, sond, from Proto-West Germanic *sandu, from Proto-Germanic *sandō.\nThe final vowel is generalised from the Old English oblique forms.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sondes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sonden",
"tags": [
"error-unknown-tag",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sond",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "soonde",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "saand",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Northern",
"especially"
]
},
{
"form": "sand",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Northern",
"especially"
]
},
{
"form": "sande",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Northern",
"especially"
]
},
{
"form": "saande",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "saynd",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "send",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sound",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Southern"
]
},
{
"form": "sunde",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Southern"
]
}
],
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"2": "noun",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
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},
"expansion": "sonde",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"pl2": "sonden",
"pl2_qual": "early"
},
"expansion": "sonde (plural sondes or (early) sonden)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A message; information communicated or conveyed:",
"An invitation, order, or a message containing one."
],
"links": [
[
"message",
"message"
],
[
"information",
"information"
],
[
"communicate",
"communicate"
],
[
"convey",
"convey"
],
[
"invitation",
"invitation"
],
[
"order",
"order"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"enm:Religion"
],
"glosses": [
"A message; information communicated or conveyed:",
"A divine ordinance or commandment."
],
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[
"message",
"message"
],
[
"information",
"information"
],
[
"communicate",
"communicate"
],
[
"convey",
"convey"
],
[
"religion",
"religion"
],
[
"divine",
"divine"
],
[
"ordinance",
"ordinance"
],
[
"commandment",
"commandment"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A message; information communicated or conveyed:",
"(religion) A divine ordinance or commandment."
],
"topics": [
"lifestyle",
"religion"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A messenger or envoy; one transmitting a message."
],
"links": [
[
"messenger",
"messenger"
],
[
"envoy",
"envoy"
],
[
"transmit",
"transmit"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A mission or deputation; a group of messengers."
],
"links": [
[
"mission",
"mission"
],
[
"deputation",
"deputation"
],
[
"messenger",
"messenger"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A helping or serving of food."
],
"links": [
[
"helping",
"helping"
],
[
"serving",
"serving"
],
[
"food",
"food"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"enm:Religion"
],
"glosses": [
"A divinely-bestowed favour or present."
],
"links": [
[
"religion",
"religion"
],
[
"divine",
"divine"
],
[
"favour",
"favour"
],
[
"present",
"present"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(religion) A divinely-bestowed favour or present."
],
"topics": [
"lifestyle",
"religion"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɔ̝ːnd(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɔnd(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsand(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsaːnd(ə)/",
"tags": [
"Northern",
"especially"
]
}
],
"word": "sonde"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English weak nouns",
"Pages with 16 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Communication",
"enm:Meals",
"enm:Occupations"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "sonde",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "sond"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of sond"
],
"links": [
[
"sond",
"sond#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "sonde"
}
Download raw JSONL data for sonde meaning in Middle English (5.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-02-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-01-01 using wiktextract (f492ef9 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.